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Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether
Skeletal formula
Skeletal formula
Ball-and-stick model
Ball-and-stick model
Sample of diethyl ether
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Ethoxyethane
Other names
Diethyl ether; Dether; Ethyl ether; Ethyl oxide; 3-Oxapentane; Diethyl oxide; Solvent ether; Sulfuric ether; Vitriolic ether; Sweet oil of vitriol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1696894
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.425 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 200-467-2
25444
KEGG
RTECS number
  • KI5775000
UNII
UN number 1155
  • InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-3-5-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 checkY
    Key: RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C4H10O/c1-3-5-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
    Key: RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYAB
  • CCOCC
Properties
C4H10O
Molar mass 74.123 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Dry, Rum-like, sweetish odor[1]
Density 0.7134 g/cm3, liquid
Melting point −116.3 °C (−177.3 °F; 156.8 K)
Boiling point 34.6 °C (94.3 °F; 307.8 K)[4]
6.05 g/(100 mL)[2]
log P 0.98[3]
Vapor pressure 440 mmHg at 20 °C (58.66 kPa at 20 °C)[1]
−55.1·10−6 cm3/mol
1.353 (20 °C)
Viscosity 0.224 cP (25 °C)
Structure
1.15 D (gas)
Thermochemistry
172.5 J/(mol·K)
253.5 J/(mol·K)
(−271.2±1.9) kJ/mol
(−2732.1±1.9) kJ/mol
Pharmacology
N01AA01 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Extremely flammable, harmful to skin, decomposes to explosive peroxides in air and light[1]
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS07: Exclamation mark
Danger
H224, H302, H336
P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P330, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g. calciumSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
4
1
Flash point −45 °C (−49 °F; 228 K)[7]
160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)[7]
Explosive limits 1.9–48.0%[5]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
73,000 ppm (rat, 2 hr)
6500 ppm (mouse, 1.65 hr)[6]
106,000 ppm (rabbit)
76,000 ppm (dog)[6]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 400 ppm (1200 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 No established REL[1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 1900 ppm[1]
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds
Related ethers
 Dimethyl ether
Methoxypropane
Related compounds
 Diethyl sulfide
Butanols (isomer)
Supplementary data page
Diethyl ether (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula C4H10O, (CH3CH2)2O or (C2H5)2O, sometimes abbreviated as Et2O.[a] It is a colourless, highly volatile, sweet-smelling ("ethereal odour"), extremely flammable liquid. It is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and as a starting fluid for some engines. It was formerly used as a general anesthetic, until non-flammable drugs were developed, such as halothane. It has been used as a recreational drug to cause intoxication.

  1. ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0277". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ Merck Index, 10th ed., Martha Windholz, editor, Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, 1983, p. 551
  3. ^ "Diethyl ether_msds".
  4. ^ "Diethyl ether". ChemSpider. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
  5. ^ Carl L. Yaws, Chemical Properties Handbook, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999, p. 567
  6. ^ a b "Ethyl ether". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. ^ a b "Ethyl Ether MSDS". J.T. Baker. Archived from the original on 2012-03-28. Retrieved 2010-06-24.


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